代码

package fx.com;

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.beans.value.ChangeListener;
import javafx.beans.value.ObservableValue;
import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
import javafx.scene.control.ListView;
import javafx.scene.control.SelectionMode;
import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class Main extends Application
{
    private  final Stage mainstage = new Stage();
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception
    {
        ObservableList<String> obslist = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
        obslist.add("data - a");
        obslist.add("data - b");
        obslist.add("data - c");
        obslist.add("data - d");
        obslist.add("data - e");
        obslist.add("data - f");
        obslist.add("data - g");
        obslist.add("data - h");
        obslist.add("data - l");
        obslist.add("data - j");

        ListView<String> listView = new ListView<String>(obslist);
        //listView.getItems().add("hoi");

        listView.setPlaceholder(new Label("标签"));

        listView.setPrefWidth(300);
        listView.setPrefHeight(200);
      //  listView.setOrientation(Orientation.HORIZONTAL);//设置水平方向

        listView.getSelectionModel().setSelectionMode(SelectionMode.MULTIPLE);//多选模式
        listView.getSelectionModel().selectedItemProperty().addListener(new ChangeListener<String>() {

            public void changed(ObservableValue<? extends String> observable, String oldValue, String newValue) {
                System.out.println(newValue);
            }
        });//获得选中的数据

        listView.getSelectionModel().selectedIndexProperty().addListener(new ChangeListener<Number>() {

            public void changed(ObservableValue<? extends Number> observable, Number oldValue, Number newValue) {
                System.out.println(newValue);
            }
        });//获得选中索引

        Button bu = new Button("按钮");

        AnchorPane ap = new AnchorPane();

        ap.getChildren().addAll(listView,bu);

        ap.setTopAnchor(listView,100.0);
        ap.setLeftAnchor(listView,100.0);
        Scene mainscene = new Scene(ap);

        mainstage.setScene(mainscene);
        mainstage.setTitle("药品管理系统");
        mainstage.setWidth(800);
        mainstage.setHeight(800);
        mainstage.setResizable(false);
        mainstage.show();

        bu.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>()
        {
            @Override
            public void handle(ActionEvent event)
            {
              //  listView.getSelectionModel().select(0);//选中第0行
               // listView.requestFocus();//让选中回到原位
                // listView.getSelectionModel().select("data - c");
                listView.getSelectionModel().selectIndices(2,4);//多选
                listView.scrollTo("data - j");//让滚动条滚动到j的位置上
                listView.requestFocus();
                obslist.add("haha");
                obslist.set(0,"doifho");//修改0行
              //  obslist.remove(1);//删除1行
                System.out.println(listView.getSelectionModel().getSelectedIndices());//获得当前选择的索引
                listView.getSelectionModel().getSelectedItems().forEach(System.out::println);
                System.out.println(listView.getSelectionModel().getSelectedItems());//当前的值
            }
        });
    }
}

具体使用看注释